What are the Consequences of Soaking Electric Vehicles in Water?

As electric vehicles (EVs) become increasingly popular, it is crucial to understand how various conditions can impact their performance and safety. One significant concern is the effect of water exposure on EVs, especially during winter when roads are wet or icy, and flooding may occur. Here, we will delve into the consequences of soaking electric vehicles in water and provide valuable tips for EV owners to maintain their vehicles in cold and wet conditions. Additionally, we will address the importance of proper use and storage of a home EV charger and level 2 EV chargers.

Impact of Water Exposure on EVs

Electric vehicles are designed to withstand a certain level of water exposure, such as rain or occasional splashes. However, prolonged or significant immersion in water can have detrimental effects on various components of the vehicle. These consequences include:

1. Battery Damage:

   • The battery pack is one of the most critical and expensive components of an EV. Water ingress can lead to short circuits, corrosion, and ultimately, battery failure. This damage can be exacerbated if the vehicle is submerged for an extended period or if water seeps into the battery compartment.
   • To mitigate this risk, EV manufacturers often seal battery packs with waterproof casings. Nonetheless, these seals can degrade over time, especially if the vehicle is exposed to harsh conditions regularly.

2. Electrical System Malfunction:

   • Water can cause significant issues in the vehicle's electrical systems, including the onboard computer, wiring harnesses, and other electronic components. These systems are designed to be water-resistant, but they are not entirely waterproof. Prolonged exposure to water can lead to malfunctions, erratic behavior, or complete system failure.
   • Modern EVs have various sensors and controls that can be disrupted by water, potentially leading to safety hazards.

3. Motor and Drive Components:

   • The electric motor and drivetrain components can suffer from water ingress, causing rust and corrosion. Over time, this can lead to reduced efficiency, increased wear and tear, and potential mechanical failure.
   • In winter, salt and other chemicals used for de-icing roads can exacerbate this corrosion if they come into contact with the vehicle’s undercarriage.

4. Cabin and Interior Damage:

   • Water can infiltrate the cabin through seals and windows, damaging the interior components such as seats, carpets, and electronics. Mold and mildew can develop, leading to unpleasant odors and potential health issues.

5. Safety Risks:

   • Wet conditions can pose safety risks, such as electrical shorts that could potentially lead to fires. While rare, the possibility of electrical fires increases if water compromises the battery or electrical systems.

Winter Care for Electric Vehicles

To ensure the longevity and reliability of your EV during winter, follow these tips:

1. Fully Warm Up the Car:

   • Battery activity decreases in cold weather, so it’s essential to warm up the vehicle before driving. This process helps the power battery reach its optimal working temperature, improving performance and efficiency.
   • Warming up an electric vehicle involves driving at a low speed initially rather than idling, as the battery heats up gradually during movement.

2. Precautions for Charging:

   • Home EV Charger: Ensure that the charging tip is dry and clean before plugging in your home EV charger. Wet or dusty plugs can cause damage to the vehicle’s electrical systems.
   • Level 2 EV Charger: For faster and more efficient charging, consider using a level 2 EV charger. It is recommended to use AC slow charging for daily needs, as it better protects the battery pack compared to fast charging. However, a reasonable mix of fast and slow charging can help maintain battery health.

3. Avoid Deep Discharge:

   • Frequent deep discharges can harm the battery. Regularly charge the battery, even if the vehicle is idle for extended periods, to prevent it from losing power and deteriorating.

4. Manage Cold-Induced Power Loss:

   • Be aware that batteries can lose power overnight in cold conditions. This phenomenon is due to the battery cooling down and the voltage dropping, which can make it seem like there’s been a significant power drain.

5. Store the Vehicle Properly:

   • Park the vehicle in a garage or cover it with a thermal blanket to maintain battery activity and capacity. Protecting the vehicle from extreme cold helps preserve the battery’s efficiency.

6. Drive Smoothly:

   • Avoid sudden acceleration and harsh braking in winter to prevent large current discharges and maintain battery health. Gentle driving helps the vehicle operate more efficiently in cold conditions.

7. Clean the Vehicle Regularly:

   • Keep the vehicle clean, especially around the charging port. Melted snow and ice can freeze around the port, potentially causing short circuits during charging.

Common Problems with EVs in Winter

1. Antifreeze Failure:

   • If the motor or electronically controlled cooling system fails, it can result in motor damage. Always ensure that antifreeze levels are adequate.

2. Dimmed Lights in Foggy Weather:

   • Fog and condensation can cause vehicle lights to dim. Regularly check and replace bulbs as necessary to maintain visibility.

3. Wiper and Windshield Issues:

   • Ensure that windshield washer fluid is suitable for low temperatures to prevent freezing and deformation of the wipers.

4. Risk of Spontaneous Combustion:

   • In dry winter conditions, electrical shorts or line damage can potentially lead to spontaneous combustion. Regularly inspect the vehicle’s wiring and electrical systems for signs of wear or damage.

5. Driving on Icy Roads:

   • Tires can lose traction in low temperatures. Ensure that tires are properly inflated and have sufficient tread depth to handle icy and snowy conditions.

AMPROAD Portable EV Charger

An emerging player in the EV charging market is AMPROAD, which offers innovative portable EV charging solutions. The AMPROAD portable EV charger provides a convenient and reliable option for EV owners who need flexibility in their charging routines. Designed for both home use and on-the-go charging, this portable EV charger is particularly useful in emergencies or for those who frequently travel to areas without established charging infrastructure.

AMPROAD’s portable EV charger is compatible with most electric vehicle models and can be used with standard home outlets or level 2 charging stations for faster charging times. This flexibility ensures that EV owners can maintain their vehicle’s charge under various conditions, making it an excellent addition to any EV owner's toolkit. Whether at home or on the road, having a reliable and portable charging option can significantly enhance the convenience and reliability of owning an electric vehicle.